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The teenage brain: 6 Minute English

admin by admin
May 22, 2020
in Giải Trí
35
The teenage brain: 6 Minute English



Introduction:
Until recently, it was thought that human brain development was all over by early childhood but research in the last decade has shown that the adolescent brain is still changing into early adulthood. This programme delves inside the teenage brain, hears from an expert and teaches some useful vocabulary along the way to stretch your own brain!

This week’s question

There have always been teenagers, but when was the word ‘teenager’ first used to refer to the 13 – 19 age group? Was it:

a) the 1920s
b) the 1930s
c) the 1950s

Listen to the programme to find out the answer.

Vocabulary

adolescence
the period in someone’s life when they are developing from a child to an adult

papers
published scientific research

dogma
a set of beliefs that are strongly held and which are not challenged

prefrontal cortex
an important part of the brain involved in many complex mental actions like planning and personality

cognitive tasks
mental activities that we consciously have to think about like making plans and taking decisions

adolescent
the adjective to describe behaviour of someone who is in adolescence. Also, the noun for someone who is in adolescence

Do download a transcript and the audio, visit our website

Learn English with BBC Learning English. Every day we help you to learn English with our brilliant mix of grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, news and inspiring English programmes. We also produce regular ‘extra’ videos across the week so come back every day to see what’s new.

Regular content
MONDAY: The English We Speak
MONDAY: English in a Minute
TUESDAY: News Review
TUESDAY: English At Work
WEDNESDAY: LingoHack
THURSDAY: 6 Minute English
FRIDAY: Editor’s Choice

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Comments 35

  1. Nghĩa Hà says:
    3 years ago

    I can’t download the transcript :3 could sb give me it? Many thanks

    Reply
  2. Dr Qaiser Khattak says:
    3 years ago

    I love you both,
    How interestingly you both are 'feeding' our mind with new vocabulary.. 😍😍😍

    Reply
  3. Pradeep Tudu says:
    3 years ago

    I'm in love with the British English… Thanks for all the videos…

    Reply
  4. Mohamed Abdelaziz says:
    3 years ago

    That really was one of the useful materials about adolescence and adult's brain.

    Reply
  5. jiang coco says:
    3 years ago

    really like bbc learning English.. helps me a lot in improving my English.. Thank you all

    Reply
  6. Shivang Acharya says:
    3 years ago

    Wow thanks for the information bbc

    Reply
  7. Kavita Sood says:
    3 years ago

    First thing with morning tea

    Reply
  8. Xavier143 Menvin says:
    3 years ago

    Your Chanel helping to improve my English knowledge….. Thank you..

    Reply
  9. L.K.S Trips says:
    3 years ago

    Thx

    Reply
  10. Camila Rosa Kavanagh says:
    3 years ago

    my English is flying now guys thank you very much.

    Reply
  11. Marisa Mazzoli says:
    3 years ago

    This is advanced English and so well spoken. I like BE.

    Reply
  12. TRIBHUVAN KUMAR says:
    3 years ago

    definitely really really such a huge help full this BBC news learning everyday thank this company……I wish

    Reply
  13. Changing the world says:
    3 years ago

    Thank you for your efforts sir and mam ❤️ ❤️ 🇮🇳 🇮🇳 🇮🇳 🙏 🙏

    Reply
  14. Lina Al-fatlawi says:
    3 years ago

    Thank you very much, I really enjoy your videos because they are simple and enjoyable 😊❤️.

    Reply
  15. Thảo Phương Trần says:
    3 years ago

    how can i have a full transcript?

    Reply
  16. Krishna Kumar says:
    3 years ago

    It would be very helpful if videos are made on job interviews, group discussion and public speech.
    I like the way u explain.

    Reply
  17. Krishna Kumar says:
    3 years ago

    BBC helping me a lot to improve my English. Thanks a lot.

    Reply
  18. tha vongphom says:
    3 years ago

    transcripts pls

    Reply
  19. Sehr Ahmed says:
    3 years ago

    My brain was too weak in that adolence period. This video is amazing really helpful

    Reply
  20. Mawee English says:
    3 years ago

    hopefully this video can improve my listening without seeing your faces guys 😁

    Reply
  21. Mawee English says:
    3 years ago

    mmm when I was teenager, I did love to bother someone, untill right now, but just a lil bit 😁

    Reply
  22. Thanh-Hai Nguyen says:
    3 years ago

    Yes another excuse to not make my homework thx 😋😂

    Reply
  23. Toto540 says:
    3 years ago

    6 minutes is my favorite content in this chanel. It helps me to improve my listening skills. Thanks a lot !

    Reply
  24. মোঃ মনিরুজ্জামান says:
    3 years ago

    please provides subtitles along with these videoes

    Reply
  25. Dũng Bạch Việt says:
    3 years ago

    A great material for learning english. Thank you so much BBC Learning English !

    Reply
  26. Hoa lê thị mai says:
    3 years ago

    Good

    Reply
  27. tgchan says:
    3 years ago

    Thank you.

    Reply
  28. Salwa Al Hayek says:
    3 years ago

    Really thank you tooo much l listen it many times without reading you'r first baragraf of explaning and I will try to translat it by writing is that's good .. please advise me…I thankful

    Reply
  29. ergoktasenes says:
    3 years ago

    Transcript 

    Note: This is not a word for word transcript 

    Neil
    Hello. This is 6 Minute English, I'm Neil.

    Rob
    And I'm Rob.

    Neil
    What do you remember of your teenage years?

    Rob
    Oh, I was a nightmare. I was rude to my parents, always stayed out late, never did my homework, hung out with the wrong people and made lots of bad decisions. How about you, Neil?

    Neil
    Well, much the same really. People always say that about teenagers, don’t they? That they go through a period where they are out of control and behave badly. But apparently, it’s not their fault. At least not directly.

    Rob
    So whose fault is it?

    Neil
    Our brains’, apparently. Teenagers’ brains are still developing in areas that control behaviour, which could mean that you can’t blame them for acting the way they do. Before we find out more, let’s have our question. There have always been teenagers, but when was the word ‘teenager’ first used to refer to the 13 – 19 age group? Was it:

    a) the 1920s

    b) the 1930s

    c) the 1950s

    Any ideas, Rob?

    Rob

    Well, I think it came along around the time of rock and roll, so that would have made it the 1950s. That’s my guess.

    Neil
    I'll have the answer later in the programme. Sarah-Jayne Blakemore from University College London specialises in the workings of the brain, particularly the teenage brain. Recently she was a guest on the BBC Radio programme, The Life Scientific. She explained that the understanding that the brain is still developing during the teenage years is quite new. When does she say the first research came out?

    Professor Sarah-Jayne Blakemore
    The first study showing that the human brain undergoes this very substantial and significant development throughout adolescence and into the twenties; the first papers were published in the late 90s. Before that, and for example when I was at university, the dogma in the text books was that the vast majority of brain development goes on in the first few years of life and nothing much changes after mid-childhood. That dogmais completely false.

    Neil

    So when did the research into the teenage brain come out?

    Rob
    Surprisingly, it wasn’t until the late 1990s. This was when she said that the first papers on this subject were published. Papers in this context means the results of scientific research which are published.

    Neil
    And she didn’t actually talk about teenagers, did she?

    Rob
    No, that’s right. She talked about the period of adolescence. This noun, adolescence, is the period when someone is developing from a child into an adult and it more or less is the same as the teenage years.

    Neil
    What I found interesting was that before the 1990s people believed something different about the way our brains develop.

    Rob
    Yes, Professor Blakemore said that the dogmahad been that our brains are mostly fully developed in early childhood, long before adolescence. Dogma is a word used to describe a strong belief that people are expected to accept as true.

    Neil
    So our brains are still developing much later than was originally thought. What does this tell us about teenage behaviour? Of particular interest is an important part of the brain called the prefrontal cortex. Here is Professor Blakemore again. What excuse can she give for teenagers who don’t get their homework done in time?

    Professor Sarah-Jayne Blakemore
    The prefrontal cortex is the part of the brain right at the front, just behind the forehead and it’s involved in a whole range of very high-level cognitive tasks such as decision making and planning – we know that this region is undergoing very very large amounts of development during the adolescent years. And so in terms of the expectations that we place on teenagers to, for example, plan their homework, it might be too much given that we know that the region of the brain that critically involved in planning is not developed yet.

    Neil
    So the prefrontal cortex is important in cognitive tasks. What are those, Rob?

    Rob
    A cognitive task is one that requires conscious thinking and processing, such as making decisions and planning. It doesn’t happen automatically, you have to think about it. So in the adolescent years this part of the brain is not fully developed. Note the adjective form here of the noun we had earlier adolescence.

    Neil
    So this gives a good excuse for not doing your homework!

    Rob
    Ha, ha, I wish I’d known that. I used to say that I’d left my homework on the bus or that the dog had eaten it. Now I could say, "Sorry sir, my brain isn’t developed enough for the cognitive task of planning my homework".

    Neil
    Yes, I’m sure that would work! Before we wrap up, time to get the answer to this week’s question. I asked when was the word ‘teenager’ first used to refer to the 13 – 19 age group? Was it:

    a) the 1920s

    b) the 1930s

    c) the 1950s

    Rob, you said?

    Rob
    I guessed c) 1950s

    Neil
    The answer is actually b) the 1930s. Very well done if you knew that. Now a quick review of today’s vocabulary.

    Rob
    Adolescence is the noun for the period of change from child to adult and the adjective is adolescent – this same word is also the noun for someone who is in that teenage period.

    Neil
    So an adolescent might be responsible for adolescent behaviour in his or her adolescence.

    Rob

    Exactly.

    Neil
    Papers is the word for published scientific research.

    Rob
    Dogma is strongly held beliefs that are not challenged.

    Neil
    The prefrontal cortex is an important part of the brain which deals with cognitive tasks.

    Rob
    And cognitive tasks are mental processes that require active thought and consideration, such as planning and making decisions.

    Neil
    Well my decision making skills tell me that it’s time to finish.

    Rob
    Well, your skills are working well Neil. We may be going now but you don't need to – you can listen or watch us again and find lots more learning English materials on our social media platforms. You can also visit our website at bbclearningenglish.com.

    Neil
    See you soon, goodbye.


    Rob

    Bye!

    Reply
  30. Tâm Nguyễn says:
    3 years ago

    I really like the woman's voice in this audio. Is her voice British's?

    Reply
  31. bahadur mo78 says:
    3 years ago

    Hi

    Reply
  32. Rahi Shah says:
    3 years ago

    Excellent work it's a platform to learn English superb

    Reply
  33. ladakh hiker says:
    3 years ago

    My prefrontal cortex is not developed well yet , it's because i don't understand what to do in life . I am not a teenager any more ,but still I feel something extremely blocked me to know how to make a decision in day to day life .
    Any ideas?

    Reply
  34. Ueslei Rodrigues says:
    3 years ago

    Thanks for your videos, I need to improve my English.
    I want to understand a little bit more

    Reply
  35. أحلام الرشيد says:
    3 years ago

    What I like about your channel it's helpful to learn English and to increase my general info about life 👍

    Reply

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